Military Optronics Surveillance & Sighting Systems Market: Technological Overview

By Sukanya Mukherjee

Military optronics surveillance & sighting systems are of growing importance in modern warfare as they provide imagery for crucial decision-making, helping to counter rapidly evolving security threats across borders. Therefore, as per Inkwood Research, growing border conflicts and the urgency to receive rapid intel regarding the enemy’s position are driving the global military optronics surveillance & sighting systems market growth, expected to surge with a 5.58% CAGR by 2030.

Optronics or optoelectrical transducers are devices that convert optical energy to electrical energy and vice versa. These transducers are used as receivers and transmitters in fiber optic communications systems. Along with traditional warfare equipment, many countries invest in research and development of advanced and modern warfare that involves novel technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and satellite communication technology. Such innovations are driving the market demand for military systems.

Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modern Warfare

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become a critical part of modern warfare and combat systems due to its inherent computing and decision-making capabilities. AI is moving toward a significant technical revival with the potential to shape deterrence relations among nuclear-armed states. Therefore, the weaker states can be supported by integrating AI into their military platforms. AI technology also enables the development of efficient warfare systems that require less maintenance and human input. It empowers autonomous and high-speed weapons to carry out collaborative attacks.

China has recently emerged in developing intelligent warfare or future military methods based on disruptive technologies, especially artificial intelligence. They are anticipated to use artificial intelligence in military robotics and missile guidance systems, unmanned aerial vehicles, and naval vessels. According to Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, five companies from China in arms production accounted for 13% of total sales by the world’s 100 biggest arms producers in 2020. Despite the COVID-19 crisis, the industry has largely expanded by sustained government demand for military goods and services.

Different Technologies Employed in Defense & Warfare

• Satellite Communications

Satellite communications are widely used for precise positioning and navigation and space-based intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) in military operations. Military satellites perform a ubiquitous role in surveillance, communication and navigation and give inputs regarding early warning related to movements and redeployment by enemy forces, nuclear detonation, and communication of intelligence information obtained on enemy forces. This information is obtained through electronic signal, area & close-look photo surveillance, efficient communication links, and open source intelligence in the remotest and most inaccessible areas. Using such technologies offer ease and quick action during difficult times. Hence, countries invest in such technologies, thereby driving market growth.

• Seismic and Acoustic Sensors

Seismic and acoustic sensors have long been used in military applications. Advantages include their ability to exploit distinctive emissions of weapons firings, detect & track targets in non-line-of-sight conditions, and carry out their mission in a docile way. Acoustic-seismic sensors can also be deployed with the use of low-power electronics. Acoustic-seismic sensors are employed in several futuristic surveillance sensors, generally denoted as unattended ground sensors (UGS). They are also deployed in several applications – from defensive security to monitoring and surveillance.

• Integrated Observation Equipment

Integrated observation systems are designed to provide a total solution that can include various sensors, software, hardware, and a control unit to ensure complete security and situational awareness for military personnel. Long-range reconnaissance and observation systems (LOROS) is a sensor system developed by Elbit Systems. This system provides long-range daytime and night-time surveillance and consists of forwarding looking infrared (FLIR), a charged-coupled device (CCD), and an image sensor.

In contrast, the remote observation surveillance system (ROSS) enables detection and recognition of targets, supervision or protection of a designated area of operation, protection of the area through alerts, and assessing the terrain and the damage. This remote system can be used for real-time day & night observation of terrain and targets in various climatic, atmospheric, and terrain conditions using various technologies available in the defense market. As per our analysis, the military laser system leads the technology segment with an anticipated 6.27% CAGR by 2030, followed by image intensification and electro-optics/infrared.

Emerging Advanced Combat Technologies: Hypersonic Missiles

Hypersonic missiles are a new class of threat because of their speed, making it harder to track and defend against and enabling such missiles to penetrate most army defenses to further compress the counter-response of a nation under attack. As a result, all major powers are in a race to develop hypersonic weapons to defend and safeguard their nation.

Furthermore, the growing need to provide better standards for solider’s security and safety in combat operations has led to the development of advanced combat protective equipment. China, Russia, North Korea, and the United States are in the lead and have test-launched hypersonic missiles. Additionally, Australia, France, India, Germany, and Japan are working on developing hypersonic weapons, whereas Iran, Israel, and South Korea have conducted basic research on the technology. Such technologies are projected to impact the global military optronics surveillance & sighting systems market growth.